The role of taurine in the pathogenesis of the cardiomyopathy of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
نویسندگان
چکیده
The cellular and molecular physiology and pathology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are mostly studied and understood through the use of animal models. Fundamental differences between the IDDM and NIDDM animal models may help to explain the etiology behind diabetic cardiomyopathy, one of the most severe complications of IDDM. Experimental rat models of IDDM exhibit a characteristic increase in tissue levels of taurine in the heart, a change that is not seen in NIDDM rats. This article deals with the causes and possible consequences of this observation which may contribute to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Modulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) (PDH; EC 1.2.4.1) activity was found to be a possible mode for taurine involvement. PDH is a mitochondrial protein and is the rate-limiting step in the generation of acetyl CoA from glycolysis. In IDDM, PDH activity is decreased through a mechanism that includes the stimulation of the de novo synthesis of a kinase activator protein (KAP) which phosphorylates PDH and inactivates the enzyme. This lesion does not occur in NIDDM rat hearts. Taurine is known to inhibit the phosphorylation of PDH in vitro, and in taurine-depleted rats PDH phosphorylation is known to increase. Thus, the increased levels of taurine in the diabetic heart may be inhibiting this phosphorylation which in turn may be stimulating the synthesis of KAP through a negative feedback process. The main argument for this theory would be the lack of change in both the taurine levels and the activity of PDH in the NIDDM rat model.
منابع مشابه
The effect of eight weeks of taurine supplementation on the amount of myostatin, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance in soleus muscle tissue in male rats with type 2 diabetes
Background: Type 2 diabetes is the most common endocrine disease in the world. Recently, it has been shown that the amino acid taurine can be effective in diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of taurine supplementation on myostatin, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance in soleus muscle tissue of male rats with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods...
متن کاملHypercalciuria, Hyperphosphaturia and Growth Retardation in Children with Diabetes Mellitus
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a high prevalence of osteopenia. Hypercalciuria has also been well documented in human diabetes and many children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have short stature. Objective: To investigate the relationship of hypercalciuria and hyperphosphaturia with growth retardation ...
متن کاملThe Relationship between insulin variable number of tandem repeats (INS-VNTR) -23 A/T and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) +49 A/G polymorphisms with islet autoantibodies in persons with diabetes
Background: Both genetic and environmental factors are important in pathogenesis of diabetes. Non HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) genes such as INS-VNTR and CTLA-4 in addition of HLA genes have influence on genetic susceptibility for diabetes mellitus. In this study the association of +49 A/G CTLA-4 and -23 A/T INS-VNTR polymorphisms with diabetes and their association with islet auto...
متن کاملInsulin effect on Leptin Concentration in Children with New Onset Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Objective: Serum Leptin concentration reflects the body fat mass. There is controversial reports about the insulin effect on serum Leptin concentration. We wanted to examine the effect of insulin therapy on serum Leptin in children with new onset type I diabetes. Materials and Methods: This was a Cross-Sectional study in Children's Medical Center on 34 children who had new onset type I diabe...
متن کاملInvestigating the Relation between LCK Gene Expression with Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Yazd Diabetes Research Center
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and insulin secretory defect. Deficiency of cellular immunity is known as one of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM. lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase( LCK) is an important gene involved in the intracellular signaling pathways of lymphocytes. This study aimed at determining and comparing LCK gene expr...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Cardiovascular research
دوره 46 3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2000